While
Japan is well known
for its wacky cults, there is plenty of room in the rest of
Asia for bizarre and occasionally dangerous new religious
movements. Many thrived in
Korea and
Taiwan thanks to
unofficial government support, when mainstream religions were associated with
the democratization movement. Even in
China and
Vietnam, cult
movement is far from unknown.
10.Lord God Cult, China
Also known as the Supreme Deity cult, this group attracted over 10,000
members in
Hunan province, until leader Liu Jiaguo was
unceremoniously sentenced to death in 1999. Liu was a former member of the
Established King sect, until he was outraged to discover that its leader, Wang
Yangming, was an ordinary human being. Quickly figuring it was a pretty good
scam, he created his own personal cult in 1993 by leeching members of the
Established King group and claiming to be the “Lord God” himself. Beginning with
a rural base, the cult targeted young people and city dwellers, and Liu used his
expanding following to enrich himself and sleep with the female members of his
flock. He was eventually charged with embezzling $40,000 from supporters and
raping 10 disciples, including two 13-year-olds. An imprisoned Liu readily
admitted to being a fraud: “If I were a god, would I be here today?”
9.Shincheonji,
Korea
Known as
Church of
Jesus, the
Temple of the Tabernacle of the Testimony, this
cult was founded in 1984 by ex-evangelical Lee Man-hee. Shincheonji, translating
as “New Heaven and Earth,” claims Jesus is a spirit entity that entered the body
of Lee, who now claims unique understanding of the Bible and apocalypse. Lee
claims that he is a prophet superseding Jesus, that the world has already ended,
that we are all in the afterlife, that he will live forever, and that all other
churches are controlled by Satan. Shincheonji followers are indoctrinated with
Lee’s wildly original interpretation of Bible verses and engage in
military-style training at night to remain sharp. Apparently, when the number of
his followers hits 144,000, they will be possessed by the spirits of martyrs and
take over the world. To get more warm bodies for martyr ghosts, they use tricky
methods of recruitment, including the so-called harvester strategy: registering
in other churches to take them over from the inside, which has led to some
mainstream churches posting warnings on their doors. They target foreigners
living in
Korea, using attractive women as
honey traps. They also organize seemingly innocent peace rallies, fun runs, free
Korean classes, and drinking parties through front organizations like Mannam and
the International Peace Youth Group. Behind these “funfunfun” events and pretty
faces is a cult that preaches destruction for non-believers, run by a prophet
accused of tax evasion and sexual harassment of teenagers.
8.Quan Yin Method,
Taiwan
This Taiwanese religious movement was founded by self-proclaimed Supreme
Master Ching Hai, who was born in
Vietnam. Quan Yin refers to a form of
meditation and means “contemplation of the south vibration.” The group meditates
on inner light and inner sound to know the mind of God. Quan Yin can also refer
to a traditional Chinese goddess of mercy and compassion, whom Ching Hai often
dresses to resemble. The international restaurant chain Loving Hut, likely the
largest vegan business in the world, is a front for the cult. Every Loving Hut
has a TV permanently tuned to dedicated cult propaganda channel Supreme Master
TV. The network broadcasts sermons and cooking shows, complete with a dizzying
number of subtitles in various languages on the bottom and side of the screen.
Critics claim the restaurant exploits young followers who work for little to no
pay while profits go to the cult. Ching Hai appears often on the channel,
promoting breatharianism and claiming that meat-eating will lead to the end of
the world.
7.
World
Mission Society Church Of God,
Korea
The World Mission Society Church of God believes that a man named Ahn
Sahng-hong was the reincarnation of Jesus and a woman named Zahng Gil-jah is the
“Mother God” or “Heavenly Mother Jerusalem.” Prospective members are approached
in the street and asked, “Do you know God the Mother?” They believe that the
earthly family system is a reflection and shadow of a heavenly family system,
and it follows that there is a Heavenly Father (Ahn), a Heavenly Mother (Zahng),
and brothers and sisters (the rest of humanity). Despite wild interpretations of
Bible verses and straight fabrications, the WMS Church of God believes itself to
be the only true church established by God on Earth. They also differ from
standard Christian practice in several specific ways, holding Sabbath on
Saturday and teaching that women should veil their heads during worship. Critics
claim the cult uses brainwashing tactics to destroy families.
6.Jesus Morning Star, K
orea
Ex-moonie Jeong Myung-seok founded this cult centered around purification
rituals in the 1970s, claiming Jesus was a failed savior, and the true savior
was Jeong himself. Preaching that sex with him would purify sins, Jeon slept
with hundreds of Korean women. Attractive young people were recruited from elite
universities and lured through social clubs, sports tournaments, and Bible study
classes serving as cult fronts. They were taken to a huge complex filled with
phallic imagery for marathon prayer sessions in front of massive TV screens.
Jeong fled
Korea in 1999
after rape allegations surfaced on TV and spent the next decade on the run,
raping more women through his cult in
Japan, Hong Kong, and
Taiwan. Arrested
in
China in 2008, he was
sentenced to a six-year prison term in
Seoul. His followers don’t see much of a
problem though, noting that “Jesus was persecuted, too.”
5.Vang
Chu, Vietnam
The officially atheist Vietnamese government has a long history of
oppressing the Christian Hmong minority, but this oppression has also led to the
birth of strange new religious movements, such as the Vang Chu sect in Muong Nhe
district, Dien Bien province. The Vang Chu (“Lord of Heaven”) movement follows
purported messiah Zhong Ka Chang, also known as Tu Jeng Cheng (“the important
one”). Chang was said to perform miracles and preached for the foundation of a
Christian Hmong state. Large gatherings of his separatist supporters, as well as
supposed links to fiery
US radio preacher Harold Camping, led
to the 2011 government crackdown on the movement by local security forces.
Vietnam People’s Army reinforcements dropped in by parachute. The government
accused the Hmong of drug-smuggling, land theft, environmental destruction, and
subversion against the government. The authorities used chemical weapons and
bayonets to disperse the Hmong, beheading some of the leaders and forcing many
followers to flee into
Laos
or
Thailand. The movement remains in
existence, waiting for the coming of a divinely inspired Hmong King and teaching
impoverished followers that prayer will entice angels to bring them food, money,
and medicine.
4.Dahnhak,
Korea
Operating over 160 yoga and tai chi centers in
Korea and arond
the world, Dahnhak was founded by Lee Seung-heun, who calls himself Ilchi,
meaning “finger pointing toward the truth.” Claiming supernatural powers, he
teaches a “brain respiration” process to achieve spiritual enlightenment and
natural healing through tai chi exercises, massage, and meditation. Over the
course of the program, however, it becomes increasingly expensive to attend
enlightenment retreats and workshops and to purchase healing products and books.
Devotees sometimes spend thousands of dollars. The cult even issues its own Dahn
credit cards so devotees can be enlightened now and pay for it later. This is
combined with a practice called “love bombing,” in which Dahnhak instructors
offer positive reinforcement and counseling advice. At the same time, the cult
preaches conformity using manipulative sales tactics and brainwashing, claiming
knowledge is gained through physical pain. Critics of the cult are threatened
with violence and retaliation against their families. The cult, which has also
spread to the
US, has been accused of everything
from sexual assault to making practitioners drink toilet water as part of their
training.
3.
Church Of
Almighty God,
China
This Chinese doomsday cult, also known as Eastern Lightning, believes
middle-aged woman Yang Xiangbin or “Lightning Deng” is the third incarnation of
Christ (following Joseph and Jesus Himself). Founded 25 years ago by former
physics professor Zhao Weishan, who fled to the
United States in
2001 claiming political asylum, the cult has grown with an aggressive recruiting
drive aimed toward housewives and underground Christian congregations. They use
money, gifts, and sexual favors to attract converts and then demand donations.
Along with complete obedience to Mrs. Yang and pressure to abandon their
families, the cult claims the Communist Party is “the Great Red Dragon” and
encourage the killing of party members “possessed by its spirit.” Accused of
multiple violent attacks, cult members stabbed a young boy in 2010 when his
uncle tried to leave the cult.In May 2014, members of the cult beat a woman to
death in a Shandong McDonald’s for refusing to hand over her phone number.
Bystanders were warned to stay away, but the brutal attack was still caught on
cell phone cameras. One of the attackers, Zhang Lidong, was remorseless. “I beat
her with all my might and stamped on her, too,” he said. “She was a demon. We
had to destroy her.”
2.Sung Chi-Li Association,
Taiwan
This group is centered on religious leader Sung Chi-li, who claims to
possess miraculous powers and the ability to create a spiritual doppleganger of
himself that can appear anywhere on the planet. To prove the veracity of his
claims, he’s produced photographs of himself floating above various landscapes,
surrounded by rainbow colors and a nimbus of light. He sells these to his
followers to fund a lavish lifestyle and real estate purchases. Sung claimed the
photos were proof of “true-form realities,” manifestation of the inner Nirvana
within human beings. In 1996, he was accused by the government of swindling his
followers with obvious trick photography doctored with basic computer editing
and then absconding with 3 billion Taiwanese dollars (almost $100 million). He
was subsequently released after the High Court ruled his religious activities
were protected under the Constitution. Sung has controversial links with both
organized crime and the Democratic People’s Party. In 2005, he claimed to have
taken DPP politician Frank Hsieh on a “spirit tour” of
Paris through astral
projection. Hsieh neither confirmed nor denied the claims. In 2004, Sung opened
a “divine photo booth” in
Kaohsiung to display his works.
1.Dhammakaya,
Thailand
This movement, accused by traditional Theravada Buddhist clergy as
commercializing enlightenment, has grown rapidly over the last few decades. It
is centered on the massive Cetiya temple in Mingkok, a UFO-like dome made up of
300,000 bronze Buddha statues coated in gold and titanium. There, abbots lead
mass prayers of tens of thousands of participants. The cult appeals mainly to
the rising middle class dissatisfied with the “idol worship” and “magic” taught
by the traditional Buddhist hierarchy, but it also reaches the royal family and
members of the government. Combining ancient teachings with modern management
and fundraising techniques, it has been criticized for immoral financial
shenanigans, heretical teachings, false miracles, and a cult of personality
around leader Phra Dhammachayo. Dhammachayo, his temple, and international
Dhammakaya foundations have an estimated worth of $1.9 million in assets,
leading some to accuse him of embezzlement and ripping off his followers. In
2012, a Dhammakaya abbot made headlines by claiming to know the current
whereabouts of Steve Jobs, apparently reincarnated as a mid-level angel in a
parallel dimension.
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